Head of Research at Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales
Key takeaways
This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, an international treaty aimed at keeping global temperature rise below 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels.
The average temperature over the last decade was already 1.1°C higher than in the pre-industrial period, and we are still far from meeting the mitigation targets.
However, some countries stand out for their effective mitigation measures and have succeeded in reducing their greenhouse gas emissions.
Ten G20 regions and nations have reached their peak emissions, an essential prerequisite for achieving carbon neutrality.
Countries with particularly ambitious targets include the United Kingdom, South Africa and Chile.
Carbon neutrality researcher at Polytechnique Montréal
Jean-Philippe Hermine
Managing Director of Institut Mobilités en Transition at Institut du développement durable et des relations internationales
Key takeaways
Electric vehicles’ share of passenger car sales has grown exponentially, from 1.6% in 2018 to 10% in 2022.
Road transport accounts for 12.1% of global greenhouse gas emissions, underscoring the need for electrification in this sector to combat global warming.
In 2023, electric cars accounted for 93% of car sales in Norway, 74% in Iceland, 60% in Sweden, 54% in Finland, 41% in Belgium and 38% in China.
In the European Union, the goal of banning the sale of combustion engine vehicles from 2035 sends a clear signal to the automotive industry.
Electrifying cars is not enough: the SUVisation of vehicles and the rise in demand for transport have a significant environmental impact.
CNRS researcher at Centre for Research on Biodiversity and the Environment
Key takeaways
Nature-based solutions maximise CO2 storage in biomass and soil, among other things, by relying on natural biological processes.
Limiting deforestation and land use allows soils, for example, to store significant amounts of carbon to combat global warming.
Soils account for 25% of the storage potential of natural climate solutions, which totals 23.8 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year.
In the Northern Hemisphere, the conversion of peatlands to agricultural land released approximately 40 billion tonnes of carbon into the atmosphere between 1750 and 2010.
Ecosystem restoration is not instantaneous, making nature-based solutions long-term strategies for combating global warming.
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